Synergism and activity enhancement in new photocatalysts derived from zeolite, tungsten trioxide and polyaniline leading to visible light destruction of p-nitrophenol

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Journal of Environment and Biotechnology Research

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Synergism and activity enhancement in new photocatalysts derived from

zeolite, tungsten trioxide and polyaniline leading to visible light destruction

of p-nitrophenol

Journal of Environment & Biotechnology Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, Pages 157-167, January 2017

A. Bala Nambi, J.V. Anusha, E. Subramanian

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ABSTRACT

Synthesis of single (zeolite-HX), binary (WO3/zeolite-HX, zeolite-HX/PANI) and ternary (WO₃/zeolite-HX/PANI)

photocatalysts was performed involving zeolite as adsorbent, WO₃ as semiconductor and polyaniline (PANI) as

visible light sensitizer. Zeolite-HX was obtained from coal fly ash by alkali fusion followed by hydrothermal

treatment and the binary and ternary photocatalysts from the precursors of sodium tungstate and aniline

monomer. The synthesized catalysts were analysed by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray

diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance

spectroscopy techniques which revealed the physico-chemical characteristics and nanoparticles structures.

Photocatalytic destruction of 20 mg/L p-nitrophenol (p-NP) over the synthesized photocatalysts was investigated

with visible light irradiation (60W tungsten lamp) in the presence of H₂O₂. About 3-fold increase in activity from

single to binary and a 2-fold increase from binary to ternary system were observed. Among the components, the

activity enhancement was in the following order, zeolite < WO₃ < PANI. Around, 20 mg/L p-NP was decolorized

through destruction over WO₃/zeolite-HX/PANI within a reaction time of 3 h. Thus the present work has

developed an efficient ternary photocatalytic system involving synergism and co-activation.

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